Keyboard perforator and counter



y 1935- E. E. KLEINSCHMIDT El AL 2,000,029

KEYBOARD PERFORATOR AND COUNTER Filed Sept. 4, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet l m1 EAfTORS [fl fiezxzxxz/zdf By Z M P0276 A TTORNE 15' y 1935- E. E. KLEINSCHMIDT El AL 2,000,029 KEYBOARD PERFORATOR AND COUNTER Filed Sept. 4, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORJ Kiezx'zarhzzzdt [MFOf/S ATTORNEY y 1935- E. E. KLEINSCHMIDT ET AL 2,000,029 KEYBOARD PERFORATOR AND COUNTER Filed Sept. 4, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTORS Z, [T iiflkZJZi/i Zd/ Z 17/2014;

A TTORNE May 7, 1935.

E. E. KLEINSCHMIDT ET AL ,000,029 KEYBOARD PERFORATOR AND COUNTER Filed Sept. 4, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 4 'INVENTORJ' Z, Z. K/ezkzwixzzzdf By 171%. P0675 ATTORNEY y E. E. KLEINSCHMIDT in AL 2,000,029

KEYBOARD PERFORATOR AND COUNTER Filed Sept. 4, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 m I 5 INVENTORS 2a: 45, g}! Kiel/Mahala! I Z 11/. Pal/.5

F177 BY y 9 E. E. KLEINSCHMIDT Er AL 2,000,029

KEYBOARD PERFORATOR AND COUNTER I Filed Sept. 4, 1929 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 O 0 THINSPACE 000 EN SPACE 0 00 EM SPACE 0000 EM SPACE 00 00 EN SPACE 'ooonoo THINSPACE A TTORNE) Patented May 7, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE KEYBOARD PERFORATOR AND COUNTER Edward E. Kleinschmidt, Park Ridge, and Louis M. Potts, Evanston, Ill., assignors, by mesne assignments, to Teletypesetter Corporation, Chicago, 111., a corporation oi. Delaware Application September 4, 1929, Serial No. 390,352

33 Claims. (Cl. 164.-112) matic control of composing machine's.

The device is here described with special reference to the preparation of perforated tape to be used in controlling remotely disposed composing machines of the line casting type. In such machines there are matrices for each character, each having a fixed thickness but not necessarily all of the same thickness. There are also justifying matrices (expansible space bands) which are adjusted before casting between certain ranges of thickness. The perforating operator at the transmitting station must accordingly be apprised of the length of the line remaining as each matrix is operated. This is accomplished by a counting device.

The counting device here described indicates to .the transmitting operator the totalized thicknessof the matrices in a line during the process of composition and it separately indicates the number and the minimum, maximum and variable thickness of the justifying matrices. It performs also a function of subtraction by which the totalized thickness of the fixed matrices and the minimum thickness of the justifying matrices are subtracted jointly from a predetermined length of the line and the net results is shown upon a scale, and by which also, at the same time the totalized thickness of the fixed matrices and the maximum thickness of the justifying matrices (expanded space bands) are subtracted jointly from a predetermined length of line; and

the net, either plus or minus, is shown upon a scale.

Heretofore in counting mechanism associated with a keyboard the perforating and counting operation have been initiated in parallel. For.

' example, depression of a key closes a contact to operate a perforating magnet and also operates mechanically a counter. ;In such a device it is necessary to so adjust the mechanism that its two devices operate simultaneously, but this is not commercially practicable, so that under many conditions the mechanism will count but not perforate, or perforate but not count, depending largely upon the touch of the operator. In the present device, when a key is depressed a clutch is released and as the clutch rotates, both perforating and counting operations must takeplace. The device is so arranged that a single depression of a key can cause only one perforating and .countingoperation. By this method of operation,

the durationof the energization of the perforatin magnet is uniform, regardless of the fingering of the keys. Chattering of the contact, a common fault when the contact is closed directly by the keys, is also prevented.

Inasmuch as the thicknesses of the matrices are different for different characters, the counting mechanism must count not only the number of matrices but also must operate variably in accordance with the particular matrices oper- .10 ated. Furthermore a character in the upper case may be of different thickness than a character in the lower case, which must also be taken into account.

An object of the present invention is to provide means for remotely controlling a composing machine.

A further object is to provide means for integrating or totalizing the width of characters and justifying members.

Another object is to provide means whereby the amount counted for a particular key will be different for the upper and lower case positions of the key.

A' further object of the invention is to provide a chart comprising a plurality of scales, each scale being for a different number of justifying elements, and a shutter to cover portions of the scale representing matter already com-. posed.

' A still further object of the invention is provide means whereby depression of a keywill result in both a perforating and a counting operation.

Another object is to provide means whereby depression of the carriage return key will result in a complete return operation regardless of the fingering of the key.

Still a further object of the invention is to provide means whereby the counter mechanism operates invariably and only when the perforating mechanism operates.

' There are other, objects of the invention which together with the foregoing will appear in the detailed description to follow. I

In the drawings: I

Figure l is a plan view of the invention.

' Figure 2 is a diagram showing the electric circuits and switches for controlling the perforat-- ing control magnet. 50

Figure 3 is a front elevation of the invention with portions in section.

Figure 4 is a plan 'view showing the chart and index.

Far

Figure 5 is a view showing the justifying chart developed.

'Figures 6 and 7 are fragmentary views showing the slotted cover member with the chart visible through the slot. v i

Figure 8 is a sectional view through the chart and cover member on line 8-8 in Figure 6.

Figure 8a shows a modification of the shutter.

Figures 9, 10 and 11 are part sectional, and part elevational views showing portions of the counter escapement mechanism, the sections being taken along lines 99, IIll, II--II, respectively of Figure l. I,

Figure 12 is a plan view of the release mechanism for the escapements.

Figure 13 is a sectional view of the roller clutch.

Figure 14 is a section taken along lines I 4-I4, Figure 1.

Figure 15 is a section taken along lines II5, Figure 1. a

Figure 16 is a section through shaft 53 showing one of the cam plates.

Figure 17 is a section taken along lines I'I-I'I, Figure 1.

Figure 18 is a section taken along lines I8-I8, Figure 1.

Figure 19 is a section taken along lines I9I9, Figure 1.

Figure 20 is a section on line 292D, Figure 1 showing the line spacing escapement mechanism.

Figure 21 is a side elevation, partly in section showing the case-shift mechanism.

Figures 22 and 23 are fragmentary sectional views showing the case-shift mechanism in a different position.

Figures 24 and 25 are fragmental views disclosing modified space key arrangements.

The machine comprises a frame I having at its front the usual keyboard comprising key levers 2 operable by keys 3. Each key lever. is pivoted to the frame as shown at 4, Figure 21 and is provided with a return spring 5 near its pivot for returning the lever to its normal position after it has been operated. Each spring 5 has one of its ends attached to the frame I and its other end connected with a lever 2.

.- Arranged underneath the key lever-s is a plurality of pairs of permutation bars 6 and 6', Figure3, the upper edges of which are provided with notches 6". Each pair of bars 6 and 6', rests upon a pair of rocking members I and I which are mounted upon pins 8 and 8' respectively, Figures 3 and 21. Each rocking member I has an ear 9 extending forward to support a bar 6 and another car, shown in Figure 21, extending backward to supporttheacompanion bar 6'.- Similarly, 'each rocking 'member 'I has one ear for supporting a bar 9 and another for supporting the companion bar 6'.-

The rocking members I and I are piv tally connected at-III to a horizontal bar II. Th s bar has at its end, an ear I2 engaging a. slot I3 formed in one end of a lever I4 which is pivoted at I5 and has pivotally connected to its other end I5 a-link I6. It will be understood that there are a plurality of bars II, one for each pair of permutation bars 6, 6 and that each bar I I is 23. The other end of the pawl cooperates with a ratchet 24 which is secured to a feed wheel 25.

The teeth of the feed wheel 25 cooperate with the feed perforations in the tape 26 for feeding the tape. A plurality of punch pins 21 are arranged for perforating the tape in accordance with the operation of the keys on the keyboard which operation will now be described. It will be understood that a punch to perforate the feed hole is also provided and operated each time a group of perforations is made.

When a key 3 is'depressed its lever 2 will engage the upper edges of combinations of the permutation bars 6, 6 and these bars will be depressed. It will be understood that for each key depressed a different combination of permutation barswill be operated.

When a permutation bar 6 is depressed, its lower edge engages with ears 9 of rocker members I, I causing the latter to rock on their pivots 8 producing at the same time an upward movement of the other ears of the rocker members and consequent upward movement of the companion permutation bar 6. This upward movement of the bar 6 is permitted by reason of the fact that the upper edge of bar 6' is notched at points where the upper edge of bar 6 is not notched and vice versa. The permutation bars, when moving downward, .are guided to move vertically by the guide slots 30 which span a collar 8' mounted on the pin 8.

The permutation bars which have been depressed by the key lever 2 rock their rocker members I and I' to swing their bars II to the right, rotating their levers I4 counterclockwise and their links I6 to the left positioning the links beneath the punch pins 21. 'The magnet I8 will then be energized by mechanism which will be described hereinafter. Energization of the magnet rocks the armature II clockwise forcing the links I6 upwardly against the punch pins 21 to perforate the tape. Simultaneously with the perforating operation, the pawl-20 will move up to engage the next tooth on the ratchet 24. When the magnet is deenergized, the spring 2I draws the pawl down rotating the ratchet one step and feeding the tape to position it for the next perforating operation. In this manner the tape is perforated in accordance with the operation of the key levers 2. The elevated bars 6 will be returned by the next key operated provided the corresponding hole is not to be perforated, as that key leverwill engage a high part of bar 6'. If the corresponding hole is to be perforated the bar 6' will remain elevated.

The connections leading from the key levers 2 to the counting mechanism 'will now be described. Each, key lever 2 is connected by means of a link 28 with a lever 29 as shown in Figure 3. The levers 29 are arranged side by side and run parallel with the key levers 2. Underneath the levers 29 and running parallel with the permuta tion bars 6, 6' are four bars 3| similar in construction to the bars 6, except that they do not have notches in their upper edges. The levers 29; however, are provided with notches 29' in their lower edges. These notches are so cut that when a lever 29 is depressed its lower edge engages only one of the bars 3 I, the notches 29' providing clearance for the other bars 3|. The arrangement is such that depression of a key to transmit a wide letter such as the letter M will result in the depression of one of the bars 3I, depression of .a'.

key to transmit a letter of medium width such as the letter S will result in the depression of a second bar 3| and depression of a key to transmit a narrow letter such as the letter I will result in depression of a third bar 3|.

Each of these bars 3| rests on the ears of two rocker members 32 and 32' similar to rocker members 1 and 1. a bar 33 which has connected to one end a spring 34 for returning the bar 33 to its normal position. Each bar 33 is connected to one end of a lever 35 which is-pivoted at 35 and has its other end con.- nected by a link 38 with one arm of a bell crank lever 31 (see Figure 12). The other arm of each bell crank lever has connected thereto one end vof a spring 38, the other end of which is connected to a fixed. point on the frame of the machine. The bell crank levers 31 have slot connections with pins 39 which are secured to escapejournaled in the brackets'54 and 8|.

ment pawls 48 (see Figures 9, 10 and 11).

The fourth bar 3| is operated whenever a key such as blank or rubout which do not operate the counter is depressed as will be described later. Operation of this fourth bar moves the associated rocking members 32 and 32', bar 33, lever 35, link 35 and bell crank lever 36 to bring contacts 2|5 into engagement with each other. This closes one of a plurality of parallel circuits (see Figure 2) to energize magnet |8 to perforate the tape in accordance with the key operated, but does not operate any part of the counting mechanism.

Escapement pawls 40 control three friction mechanisms 51, 58 and 59 mounted upon a shaft 53 which is journaled in brackets 54 and 55 mounted on the frame I. at a suitable speed by a motor 58 through gears 5| and 52. In addition to members 51-, 58 and 59 there are two other friction driven mechanisms and 60 mounted on shaft 53. The construction of these other mechanisms 55 and 68 will be described later.

Mechanism 51, see Figure 9, iscomposed of a V pinion 6|, a six-tooth ratchet wheel 62 and a sixthat the collar rotates with the shaft but can slide longitudinally along'the'shaft. Between the;

collar 64 and the cam disc 63 there is a friction washer 65, see Figure 1. I

As shown in Figure 1. there is supported in parallel relation with shaft 53 another shaft 88 The shaft 88 has three gears 82, 83 and 84 loosely mounted thereon, these gears cooperating with the pinions of the friction driven mechanisms 51, 58 and 59. respectively. Thus, as shown in Figure 9,-gear 82 cooperates with pinion 6| of friction driven mechanism 51. Attached to gear 82 is a cam ,disc which has three notches 86, each notch carrying a roller 81 which is pressed by a spring 88 against the rim of a drum 8!! which in turn is secured to the shaft 88. Each of the gears 83 and 84 is provided with a cam disc having notches, a roller, a spring and a drum similar in construction to that described in connection with gear 82.

When gear 82 is rotated counter-clockwise the cam disc 85 wedges the roller 81 between the cam disc and the drum 89 and accordingly the drum 89 and the shaft 88, to which it is secured, will rotate with the gear 82. On the other hand, if the shaft 83 is being operated in the counter clockwise direction by gear 83 or gear 84 the drum '89 of gear 82 will rotate with the shaft producing For each bar 3| there is provided The shaft 53 is driven an idle rotation of the rollers 81, the gear 82 remaining stationary. Thus it will be noted that the shaft 88 may be operated by any one of the gears 82, 83 or 84 and that when, one of these gears is operating the shaft the other two gears remain stationary.

The cam disc. 63 is adapted to engage a lug 10 on a contact spring 1| carrying a contact 12 adapted to cooperate with a contact 13 on a contact carrier 14, the contacting mechanism being suitably insulated-and carried on a'bracket 15 secured to the frame of the machine.

YMechanisms 58 and 59 are similar in construction to the mechanism 51 except that the number of teeth in the ratchet wheels 62 and 62" and cam discs 83' and 63 of these mechanisms is not the same as in the ratchet wheel 52 and cam disc 63 of mechanism 51. Thus, in mechanism 58, the ratchet wheel 62 and cam disc 63 each have eight teeth, and in mechanism 59, the

ratchet wheel 62" and cam disc 63" each have l2 teeth.

For the purpose of effecting the counting operation by the present device the character matrices comprising a font. of type have been divided into hree groups, and one. of the mechanisms 51, 58 or 59 has been assigned to each group to effect the counting thereof. It is under-.

stood, of course, that the character matrices may be divided into any number of groups, and that j it will effect the operation of escapement mechanism 51 to cause the advancement of shutter or indicator I82 one space or graduation on the scale. Also, when a key representing a character in the second group is depressed the friction mechanism 58 will be opera ed which will cause the index or shutter to move three fourths of a space on the scale. Lastly, when a key representing a character in the third group is depressed, it will effect the operation of friction mechanism 59 to move he shutter I82 one-half space. Furthermore, each of the l8 scales "are .exacily the same with the exception of the widths of the lightly and heavily shaded portions at the right ends thereof, which portions are representative of the number as well as the minimum and maximum thicknesses and expansibility of the spacebands in the line.

It will now be clear that mechanism 51 moves 60 degrees for one step, mechanism 58moves 45 degrees for one step and mechanism 59 moves 30 degrees for one step. These mechanisms operating the shaft 85 through their respective gears 82. 83 and 84 areadapted to rotate the shaft through three different cycles depending upon which one of the mechanisms is operated. Since the thickness of the character being transmitted determines the selection of the mechanism 51, 58 and 59, it will be obvious that the thickness of. the character being transmitted wlll determine the angle of movement of the shaft 88. The shaft 83 is arranged to operate an indicator which will now be described.

The indicator, Figure 4, comprises two main parts, a chart comprising a series of scales |8| and a spiral shutter'l82. The chart is divided into I8 spaces, see Figure 5. In each space there is drawn along the length thereof a graduated scale which is divided into spaces representing what are known as keyboard ems, that is, if the key for the character M is depressed the indicator will advance one space on the scale irrespective of the character or the size of the type to be used. It will be noted that.the'scales are graduated from the right so that the reading represents the amount of space left in the line rather than the amount which has already been set. It will be noted further that at the right end of each of the scales, exceptscales I03 and I04, there is a heavily shaded portion I05 and a lightly shaded portion I06. The portion I05 has a width which corresponds to the thickness of the thin .end of the space band used and the portion I05 has a width corresponding to thedifference in thickness between'the thin and.

thick end of the space band so that the portion I06 represents the amount of justification possible in a line containing one space band. Scale I01 has a heavily shaded portion, proportionate to the thickness of the thin end of two space bands and a lightly shaded portion of a width equal to the difference between the .thick and thin ends of two space bands, or the amount of justification possible in a line containing two space bands. s

The chart ml is mounted upon a drum I 00 as shown in Figure 8. The drum I00 is located to the rear and adiacent to a slot- I08 in a part of the cover I09 of the'machine, so that as the drum is rotated into the different positions only one of the'scales will show through the slot. See Figures 3 and 8.

It will be noted that the chart IOI has two similar halves, each half comprising nine scales. The top scale in each half has provision for eight space bands. The bottom scale in each half provides for no spacebands' and is called the zero scale and is that point to which the chart is returned for the beginning of a new line.- These series of scales are used alternately, thus, after one of the series of scales has been used, the chart will be rotated so that the zero position of the other series of scales will assume the beginning-of-line position; The advantage of this arrangement of scales will become apparent when it is seen that it is necessary to rotate the chart only one-half revolution or less to the zero position instead of twice that amount, thus saving considerable time and enhancing the speed of operation of the apparatus. As will presently appear, the scale is rotated step-by-step upon the depression of Qie space key through the medium of the friction driven member 60 (Fig. 20) which comprises an escapement wheel, I having I8 teeth, or the same number as the number of slot I08. In the middle of each scale there is.

a heavy black line and by noting the position where the edge. I02 of the helical shutterprosses this line the amount of space left in the line to be filled may be determined. If the end of the line' signal is perforated before theedge of the shutter reaches the lightly shaded portion of r the scale the line will be too short to cast. If the edge of the shutter is in the lightly shaded portion, the line will cast properly and if the edge has passed beyond the lightly shaded .portions into the heavily shaded portion, the line will be too long to cast.

On the left hand end of shutter I02 is a series of graduations I20 cooperating with a series. of graduations on the-collar I22. By loosening the screw I2I (Figure 15) the shutter can be rotated with respect to the collar I22 so that the position of the shutter can-be changed with respect to the stopping position of the other parts of the mechanism and as all-parts of the indicator are returned for the beginning of a new line the shutter may be set for any length of line by merely rotating the shutter with respect to the collar.

The mechanism for producing a case shift will now be described in connection with Figures 21, 22 and 23.

The code bars. 29 which determine which one of the bars 3| is operated, or in other words how much the shutter rotates upon the depression of each key, are pivoted in a carrier I30 which in turn is pivoted to the frame at I3I. The carrier I30 has two extensions I32 and I33. Extension I32 is connected by a link I34 (Figure 23) to a. lever I35 pivoted at 136 to support I31 and connected by a link I 38 to the key lever I 39 which controls the transmission of the upper case shift signals. Figure 1) is depressed lever I35 is rocked about its pivot I36 and through link I34 carrier I30 is rotated clockwise and all of the code bars 29 assume their back position as indicated in Figure 23.

Extension I33 is connected by a link I40 (Figure 22) to lever I4I which is pivoted at I42 on bracket 143 and connected by a link I44 to a key lever I45, (Figure 1) which controls the transmission of the lower case shift signals. When key I 45 is depressed lever MI is rocked counterclockwise around its pivot. I 42 and through link I40, carrier I30 is rockedto its forward position and the code bars 29 assume the position shown in Figure 22.

The code bars 29 which are connected to keys in which the upper and lower case characters are of the same width, are arranged to operate the same one of the bars 3| regardless of whether the bars 29 are in the shift or unshift position. This is accomplished by properly shaping the projections on the code bars 29. But the code bars 29, which are connected to keys in which the upper case character is of a different width from the lower case character are arranged to operate different bars 3I depending upon whether the bars 29 are in the shift or unshift position. This has been illustrated in Figures 22 and 23. The bar 29 shown in these figures is connected to a key (not shown) in which the lower case character is of an en width and the upper case character is of an em width.

It will be noted that in Figure 22'the lower When the key lever I 39 (Figure 23 and Q case shift lever I 45 is-depressed and therefore depression of a bar 29 will result in depression of bar 3IC and movement of the shutter through a distance corresponding to an en space. In Figure 23; the upper case shift lever I39 is depressed and therefore depression of a bar 29 will result in depression of bar 3ID and movement of the shutter through a distance corresponding to an em space.

Links I34 and I40 have elongated holes in their upper endswhere they are connected with levers I35 and MI, respectively This permits either of I the shift keys to be depressed and to return to normal position without afiecting the other shift key. Carrier I30 is held in either position by a jockey roller (not shown).

Friction driven member 60 (Figure 20) is composed of an escapement wheel I50 having 18 teeth, or the same number as the number of scales on the chart IOI. It also comprises a gear I5I which meshes with a gear I52 rigidly attached to the drum I so that whenever the escapement wheel I50 moves the drum I00 will be moved a correspondingamount. The friction driven escapement wheel I50 tends to turn clockwise but is prevented by pawl I63 which is normally held in engagement with the ratchet wheel I50 by a spring I64. The lever I65 is secured to a rockable shaft I61 pivoted in the frame as shown in Figure 1. Mounted atI6 8 on the long arm of lever I65 is anadjustable stop piece' I69 having an arcuate slot I10 therein. A screw I1I extends through slot I10 and into lever I65. Loosening of the screw I1I permits adjustment of the stop piece I69 after which the screw may be tightened t maintain the adjustment. The stop piece should be so adjusted that when lever I65 is held in its normalposition, or that shown in Figure 20, lug I12 of stop piece I69 will be out of the path of movement of stop projection I13 carried on gear I52, and drum I00 will befree to rotate when permitted by the escapement mechanism 00.

' A spring I14, having one of its ends connected to a fixed point I15 and its other end connected to the lever I65 at point I16, normally tends to maintain lever I65 in the position shown with its short arm I11 against a stop I18. Escapement' pawl I63 has a projection I19 which engages the tip of bell crank I80, pivoted on pin I66 and connected by a link I8I with a key lever I82 which is the space band or justifying key lever operated from space bar I82. Lever I65 is connected bya link I83 with a key lever I84 which is the car-' riage return or elevator key lever.

.When key lever I82 is depressed,'escapement pawl I63 is operated through hell crank I80 and link I 8Ito-release escapement wheel I50 which will operate one step. Through the gear connections the drum I00 carrying the chart IOI will be permitted to move a corresponding amount from power furnished through friction clutch 60.

The mechanism 56, shown in detail in Figure 1'1,

will now be described. It comprises two friction clutches, one withinthe other. The outer friction clutch comprises the outer sleeve and flange member I90 fixed to the shaft 53 by a screw I9I and cooperating with the splined cam plate I92 which is pressed toward member I99 by the spring I93 abutting against the collar I94 which is fixed to the shaft 53 by means of a screw I95. The

members I90 and I92 thus may move toward each other to compress the friction washers I99 and 200 while both of the members I90 and I92 revolve positively with the shaft 53. The inner sleeve and flange member I96 and its companion splined cam plate I91 are mounted loosely uponthe sleeve of the member I90. By reason of the splined connection, the two members I96 and I91 may move toward each other to compress the friction washers 20I and 202. The two members I96 and I91 must turn together. as a clutch unit. Between the members I96 and I91 and. sleeved upon the, member I96 is the gear wheel I98. The members I90 and I92 turn continuously with the shaft 53 and through the friction washers I99 and 200 operate to turn the members I96 and I91 when 'these members are not restrained. The members I96 and I91 when turning operate through the shaft 80 to turn the shutter I02 and is restrained when the stop 205 upon the shutter I 02 engages the tip 206 of thearm 201 which also is carried by the rocking shaft I61.

The function of 'the elevator key is to restore the shutter I02 and the drum IM to their respective normal positions and also to control the punching of code perforations in the tape. When the elevator key is depressed it operates arm I65 and rocks the shaft I61 thereby operating arm 201 and double dog 203, Dog 203 removes the restraint from clutch members I96 and I91 which. then are driven by the shaft 53 and drive gear wheels I98 and 204 to turn shaft 80 until stop 205 engages the lug 2060f arm 201.

The arm 201 stops the shutter and restrains the gear wheel I98. continue to turn until the attached plate I91 engages the upper tooth 203', of the double dog 293 after which all parts are restrained until the release of the elevator key. Upon the release of the elevator key the arm 201 releases the shutter and dog 203 releases the plate I91 and all parts of the double clutch turn until the lower tooth 203" of dog- 203 engages the notch I91" in plate I91, when, again, all parts of the clutch stop except I90 and I92. The shutter has been turned through its unused angle to its normal position of rest and is in readiness for the work of the next line.

While the elevator key has been depressed the lever I 65 has withdrawn the dog. I63 from the wheel I50 and has moved the stop I12 into the path of the stop I13. The clutch member 60 now operates to drive the drum IOI until the stop I13 engages the stop I12. Upon release of the ele- The clutch parts I96 and I91.

vator key, the stops I12 and I13 are disengaged and the pallet I63 engages the Wheel I50 to restrain the drum I0 I which now is in itsnormal position in readiness for the-work of the next line;

. Friction discs 20I and 202 are smaller than friction discs I99 and 200 so that when the shutter reaches its initial position, a slip will occur at discs 20I and 202 and not at discs I99 and 200 thus permitting the disc I91 and associated parts position. This action also provides a braking effeet which prevents overthrow due to. the inertia of the moving parts. The punching of the code perforations in the -tape is effected by the cam 2 I0, Figure 14, which The punch closes contactpoints 2, Figure 1. magnet I8 is energized to operate selected punches 21 to perforate the tape 26 by closing the circuit shown in Figure 2, some one pair of points being closed by a member in the selecting devices.

When mechanism 56 is operated, the points 2I I are closed. When mechanism 51 is operated the points 2I2 are closed. When mechanism 58 is operated the points 2 I 3 are closed. When mechanism 59 is operated the points 2I4 are closed. When the spacing mechanism 60 is operated the points 2 I6 arezclosed.

A modified form of shutter is shown in Figure 8a. This shutter is in the form of a transparent cylinder 93A, with a helical line 933 drawn upon it. The reading is made at the intersection of the line of the scale and the line 933 of the shutter.

The operation of the entire apparatus will now be described.

Depression of a character key 3 operates the associated key lever 2 to engage and depress a combination of the permutation bars, 6 and 6. The depressed bars 6 and 6' rock members 1 and 1' to move bars I I and the latter bars rock levers I4 to shiftthe corresponding links I6 into position beneath punch pins 21. i

In addition to depressing the permutation bars 6 and 6' the key lever 2 simultaneously operates a lever 29 through the associated link 28. Lever 29 depresses one of the bars 3|, the selection of the bar 3I depending upon the thickness of the matrix, for which a code combination is to be transmitted, and through rockers 32 and 32, a bar 33 is operated. This bar operates through a lever 35, link 36 and bell crank 31 the corresponding escapement pawl 40. The pawl releases its friction driven mechanism (51, 58 or 59) which rotates one step, operating through its associated gear mechanism, the shaft and shutter I02. During the movement of the friction driven member, a contact 12-13 is closed for energizing the magnet I8 to perforate the tape and to feed the tape one step.

As various character keys are depressed in succession, the shutter I 02 is rotated through varying angles, the angle of rotation depending upon the thickness of the matrix, for which a code combination is to be transmitted. As the shutter rotates, its edge I02"moves to the right along the slot I08 and the scale exposed through the slot is gradually covered up. Atany point inthe operation of the keys, if the operator Wishes to determine how much space is left in .the line being cast, he has only to observe the point where the edge I02 of the shutter I02 intersects the heavy horizontal line of the scale. 7

When the operator depresses the bar I82 the lever I82 is depressed operating pawl I63 through bell crank I80 and link I8I to release escapement wheel I50 which will operate one step. Gear I5I rigidly connected to wheel I50 will rotate gear I52 to move the drum I00 carrying the chart IN a sufficient amount to bring the next scale into position opposite'the slot I08 in the cover member I09. At the same time contacts 2 I6 are closed and the space perforation is madein the tape' and the tape is advanced one step. Thus, every time the bar I82 is depressed, the chart will be rotated to bring the succeeding scale into position opposite the slot, the tape is perforated and advanced one step.

To operate the case shift mechanism, key lever I39 is depressed. This operates link I38 to rock lever I35 about its pivot I36 and raise link I34 thereby rocking member I30 clockwise. Levefs 29 are thus moved rearwardly and depression of a character key will result in the operation by levers 29 of different bars 3I than would be operated if the case shift mecahnism had not been operated. Thus, when the bars 29 are in the unshift position, as shown in Figure 22, depression of a character key will result in operation of bar 3 IC and movement of the shutter through a distance corresponding to an en space. On the other hand, when the bars 29 are in the shift position, as shown in Figure 23, depression of the same character key will result in operation of bar 3| D and movement of the shutter through a distance corresponding to an em 'space. Depression of key lever I39 also sets the permutation bars 6 and 6 for the shift combination, closes contacts 2 I5 and cause the shift perforation to be made in the tape, but no operation of the counting mechanism takes place.

The unshift key performs similar operations.

To begin a new line, the elevator key is depressed. This operates arm I65 and rocks the shaft I61 thereby operating arm 201 and double A dog 203. Dog 203 removes the restraint from clutch members I96 and I91 which then are driven by the shaft 53 and drive gear wheels I98 and 204 to turn shaft; 80 until stop 205 engages the lug 2060f arm 201. This stops the shutter and restrains the gear wheel I98. The clutch parts I96 and. l91 eontinue to turn until the attached plate I91 engages the upper tooth 203 of the double dog 203 after which all parts are restrained until the release of the elevator key.

The elevator key also sets the bars 6, 6' in the proper permutation to perforate the elevator signal hole in the tape and closes contacts 2I5 to energize the perforating magnet to make the perforations and advance the tape.

Upon the release of the elevator key, the arm 201 releases the shutter and dog 203 releases the plate I91 and all parts of the double clutch turn until the lower tooth 203" of dog 203 engages the notch I91 in plate I91, when, again, all parts of the clutch stop except I and I92. The shutter has been turned through its unused angle to' its normal position of rest and is in readiness for the work of the next line.

When the elevator key is depressed, 'the lever I65 withdraws the dog I 63 from the wheel I50 and moves the stop I12 into the path of the stop I13. The clutch member 60 then operatesto drive the drum IOI until the stop I 13 engages the stop I12. When the elevator key is released the stops I12 and I13 are disengaged and the pallet or dog I63 engagesthe wheel I50 to-restrain the drum IOI. The drum is then in its normal position in readiness for the work of the next line. f

Figures 24 and 25 illustrate a method by which the space intervals may be changed or corrected.

of the em-quad or spacing matrix of fixed thickness employed in the typographical art. Similarly, the en-space and thin-space keys are representative of the en-quad and thin-space, respectively, which are also of fixed thicknesses,

to alter or change the perforations in the tape 1 correspondingly.

A method shown in Figs. 24 and 25 has been provided whereby these space intervals may be changed or corrected, thus avoiding the necessity of rewriting the line of "composed matter. The effect of employing this arrangement 'of keys would require the addition of three morekeys to the keyboard shown in Fig. 1, which would be so disposed as to correspond to the'arrangement shown in Fig. 25. Thus, therqwould be three pairs of keys as shown in Fig. 25, one pair for eachof the thin, en and em spaces.

Furthermore, as indicated in Fig. 24', a code J combination is provided for each of these keys;

however, the two em-space keys are adapted to effect the perforation of the same code combination; viz, the I-2-3 combination. It is obvious that one em-space key could beemployed,

but for practical purposes two have been provided so as to provide these keys in pairs for the reason that in performing the altering or correcting operation or function the operator need only concern himself with the correcting keys,

regardless ofthe code combinations perforated thereby. Therefore, to distinguish between the two sets of keys and to permit of their quick identification, the keys 22l may be of different color from the keys 220. The set of keys marked 220 are the keys normally used and correspond to the code combinations represented in the left half of the table shown in Fig. 24. The correcting keys 22!, Fig. 25, correspond to the code combinations shown in the right half of the table, Fig. 24. Thus, in the normal preparation of a perforated tape the em, en and thin-space code combinations shown in the left side of Fig. 24 are perforated. Therefore, when the perforated tape is being prepared and it is found necessary or desirable to change the thicknesses of some of the spaces in the line so as to properly justify the line, any of the space code combinations shown at the left hand portion of Fig. 24 can be readily changed to any of the combinations shown at the right hand portions by first back-spacing the tape in known manner so that the code combination to be altered ispositioned above the punches and thereupon depressing the desired correcting key, the effect of which is to increase the number of perforations in the tape toproduce one of the code combinations shown at the right hand side of Fig. 24; the ultimate effect of this operation being to increase or decrease the spacing or space thickness between characters to insure that the when set up in corresponding line of matrices the line casting machine will be of proper length to be properly cast.

What I claim is:

1. In a keyboard perforator, mechanism, a magnet adapted to operate the perforating mechanism, a plurality of contacts, any one of which is adapted to control the energization of-said magnet, a group of keys correspending to one kind of operation, a second group It frequently occursa perforating of keys corresponding to a different kind of operation, one of saidcontacts corresponding to one group of keys and controlled thereby and another of said contacts corresponding to the second' group of keys and controlled thereby.

2. In a machine for perforating a tape to be used to control composing machines of the casting type; means for making perforations in the tape to represent successive lines made up of characters of different widths; means for indicating the amount of space left ina line; a constantly rotating shaft; a plurality of keys controlling said perforating means; and a unidirec- .cording to the key depressed.

3. In combination, an indicating mechanism, a perforating mechanism, motor driven means operating said indicating mechanism and controlling said perforating mechanism, a plurality of keys, and means controlled by each of said keys operative to initiate the operation of the motor driven means, said motor driven means acting to selectively control'the operation of both said indicating mechanism and said perforating mechanism according to the key actuated.

, 4. In combination, an indicating mechanism, a perforating mechanism, motor driven means operating .said indicating mechanism and controlling said perforating mechanism, 'a plurality of keys, and permutation mechanism controlled by said keys operative to initiate and control the operation of the motor driven means, said motor necting mechanism between said shaft and said indicating, mechanism comprising a series of clutch mechanisms, and a plurality of keys for controlling through said clutch mechanisms said perforating -mechanism and "said indicating mechanism.

-6. In a keyboard device, a perforating mechanism, a single magnet to operate the perforating mechanism, a contact to control the magnet, means to operate said contact, a constantly rotating motor for driving said means, andkey controlled means to control the functioning of saidv means.

7. In a keyboard device, perforating mechanism, a magnet to operate said perforating mechanism, a contact controlling the energization of said magnet, aplurality of keys, means operated by each of said character keys to-control the closure of said contact, and cam means operative independently of the length of time said keys are actuated to control the duration of the closure of said contact.

8. In a keyboard device, a perforating mechanism, means to operate said perforating mechanism, a plurality of keys, means controlled by each 1 of said keys to initiate the operatlon'of said operating means, and cam means operative independently of the length of time said keys are actuated to control said operating means after its initiation into operation.

9. In a keyboard device, a perforating mechanism, indicating mechanism, a plurality of keys,

means controlled by each of said keys to initiate the operation of one of said mechanisms, and means carried by said operated mechanism acting subsequently to initiate the: operation of the other of said mechanisms.

10. The method of preparing a perforated tape for the control of type-casting machines and the like which comprises the steps of making perforations in a tape to represent characters and word spaces in accordance with a predetermined code, said code including a plurality of combinations of perforations for each different width of word spaces, and justifying the perforated matter by altering the code combinations of perforations representing the word spaces to one of said plurality of code combinations allotted to each different width of word spaces.

11. The method of preparing a perforated tape for the control of type-casting machines and the like which comprises the steps of making perforations in a tape to represent characters and word spaces in accordance with a predetermined code, said code including a plurality of different combinations of perforations for each different width of word spaces, indicating the amount of justification necessary .as the perforations are made, and justifying the perforated matter by altering the code combinations of perforations representing the word spaces to one of said plurality of different code combinations allotted to each different width of word spaces.

12. The method of preparing a perforated tape for the control of type-casting machines and the like which comprises the steps of making perforations in a tape to represent characters and word spaces in accordance with a predetermined code, said code including a plurality of combinations of perforations for each different width of word spaces, indicating the range of minimum and maximum justification in a given. length of line continuously as the perforations are made,

and justifying the perforated matter when necessary by altering the code combinations of perforations representing the word spaces to one of said plurality of code combinations allotted to each different width of word spaces.

13. In a keyboard perforator, a perforating device, a counting device including a constantly rotating shaft and a plurality of unit wheels mounted on said shaft, a first permutation device directly controlling said perforating device, a second permutation device adapted to control through the instrumentality of said unit wheels said counting device, and key operated means to simultaneously control both of said permutation devices.

14. In a keyboard perforator, a perforating device, a counting device, selector mechanisms indivdual to each of said devices, a series of keylevers, a corresponding series of code bars disposed parallel to said keylevers and adapted to operate the selector mechanism individual to the count- I ing device, and means to move said code bars in code including two different combinations of perforations for each width of said word spacers, and justifying the perforated matter by altering the code combination of perforations representing the non-expansible word spacers to different code combinations allotted to the widths of said word spacers. I

17. In an apparatus for preparing a record to be used to control linecomposing machines, a plurality of character keys, a shift key, indicating mechanism, means to operate said indicating mechanism according to the character key actuated, permutation mechanism variably operated by said character keys simultaneously with the operation of said means, and means controlled by said shift key to render said indicating mechanism operable difierently while the permutation mechanism is operated invariably in the same way upon the actuation of the same character key subsequent to the actuation of said shift key.

18. In an apparatus for preparing a record to be used to control line composing machines, a selector mechanism, a clutch mechanism, a perforating mechanism and a counting mechanism operated through the instrumentality of the selector mechanism, said counting mechanism including a unidirectional counting organ, the incremental progressive movement of which is controlled by said clutch mechanism.

19. In an apparatus for preparing a record to be used to control line composing machines, a perforating mechanism, a counting mechanism, a

- perforating mechanism is operated invariably in the same manner.

20. In an apparatus for preparing a record to be used to control line composing machines, a perforating mechanism, a counting mechanism, a group of transversely superpositioned keylevers and combination bars for controlling said perforating mechanism, the combination of another group of transversely superpositioned levers and bars for actuating the counting mechanism, and means for effecting a'longitudinal shifting movevment of the last mentioned levers whereby the counting mechanism may be operated variably. while the perforating mechanism is operated'invariably in the same manner.

21. In an apparatus for preparing arecord to be used to control line composing machines, a

perforating mechanism, a counting mechanism, a

group of transversely superpositioned keylevers andcombination bars for controlling said perforating mechanism, the combination of another group of elements provided with coded projections and bars for actuating the counting mechanism, and means for efiecting a relative shifting movement between the coded elements and the bars whereby the counting mechanism may be operated variably while the perforating mechanism is operated invariably in the same manner.

22. In an apparatus for preparing a record to be used to control line composing machines, a series of primary bars, a corresponding series of secondary bars, a plurality of mechanisms,,selector mechanisms individual to each of said mechanisms, one of said selector mechanisms actuated directly by said primary bars and another of said selector mechanisms actuated indirectly by said primary bars through the instrumentality of said secondary bars, and means for effecting the relative movement between said secondary bars and individual to each of said mechanisms, one of said selector mechanisms actuated directly by said primary bars and another of said selector mechanisms actuated indirectly by said primary bars through the instrumentality of said secondary bars, and means whereby said secondary bars may be collectively shiftable longitudinally to vary their effect upon the appurtenant selector mechanism.

24. In an apparatus for preparing a record to be used to control line composing machines, a series of keys, a first group of transversely superpositioned levers and combination bars, a perforating mechanism operated thereby, a second group of transversely superpositioned levers and bars, a counting mechanism operated thereby, means to operate both groups in accordance with the key depressed, and means to shift said last recited levers collectively to vary the effect thereof On their appurtenant bars.

25. In an apparatus for preparing a record to be used to control "line composing machines, a perforating device, a counting device including a constantly rotating shaft and an incrementally operable mechanism having a unidirectional movement operatively associated with said shaft, a first permutation device directly controlling said perforating device, a second permutation device adapted to control through the instrumentality of said mechanism said counting dea vice, and key operated means to control simultaneously both of said permutation devices.

26. In an apparatus for preparing a record to be used to control line composing machines, a series of keys, a perforating device, a counting device, selector mechanisms individual to said devices one superposed over the other and operatively connected therewith, said superposed selector mechanism adapted to be conditioned for operation in either of two diiferent manners while the other selector mechanism-is operable invari-' operable differently while the permutation mechanism is operated invariably in the same way upon the actuation of the same character key subsequent to the actuation of said shift key, and a perforating mechanism controlled by said permutation mechanism.

28. In a machine for perforating a tape to be used to control composing machines of the casting type, means for making perforations in the tape to represent successive lines made up of characters of different widths, means for indicating the amount of space left in a line, a constantly rotating shaft, a plurality of keys controlling said perforating mechanism, and clutch mechanism comprising a power driven clutch individual to each widthof character to be cast controlled by said keys to connect said constantly rotating shaft to said indicating means and acting to operate said indicating means variably according to the key depressed.

29. In a keyboard device for perforating tape for controlling linecasting and composing machines of individual matrix type, means for producing perforations representative of consecutive characters and word spacers, means for indicating the free space left in a line, aseries of keylevers, two independently responsive sets of selector bars, one set for controlling said perforating means and the other set for controlling said indicating means, said sets being arranged transversely of the keylevers, means whereby said selector bars are moved simultaneously and independently of otherbars of their set for indicating through said indicating means the cumulative thickness of the characters and perforating a tape in accordance therewith, and means included in said indicating means for indicating the cumulative expansibility of the word spacers, said indicating means also provided with means cooperative with said last mentioned means to determine the justifiability of a line of matrices.

30. In a keyboard device for perforating a tape for controlling linecasting and composing machines of individual matrix type, means for producing perforations representative of consecutive characters and word spacers, means for indicating the free space left in a line, a series 'of keylevers, two independently responsive sets of selector bars, one set for controlling said perforating means and the other set for controlling said indicating means, said sets being arranged transversely of the keylevers, means whereby said se-- lector bars are moved simultaneously and independently of other bars of their set for indicating through said indicating means the cumulative thickness of the characters and perforating a tape in accordance therewith, and a spacer key which is adapted to produce a perforation in the tape and simultaneously to effect a change in the indicating means to correspond to the increment of expansibility provided by a word spacer.

31. In an apparatus for preparing a record to be used to control line composing machines, a series of keys, a first group of transversely superpositioned levers and combination bars, a perforating mechanism controlled thereby, a second group of transversely superpositioned levers and bars,,a counting mechanism controlled thereby, means to operate both groups of levers and bars in accordance with the key depressed, the, bars of the second group being operated indirectly by the levers of the first group through the instrus mentality of the levers of the second group, and solely mechanical means actuated upon the operation of said second group of bars for eifecting the operation of the counting mechanism in accordance with their actuation.

- 32. In an apparatus for preparing a record to be used to control line composing machines, a

5 series of keys, a first group of transversely superpositioned levers and combination bars, a perforating mechanism operated thereby, a second group of transversely superpositioned elements provided with coded projections and bars, a counting mechanism operated thereby, means'to operate both groups in accordance with the key depressed, and means to shift said last cited elements collectively to vary the eflect thereof on their appurtenant bars.

33. In an apparatus for preparing a record to be used to control line composing machines, a series of keys, a first group of transversely superpositioned levers and combination bars, a perforating mechanism controlled thereby, a second group of transversely superpositioned elements provided with coded projections and bars, a counting mechanism controlled thereby, means to operate both groups in accordance with the key depressed, the bars of the second group being operated indirectly by the levers of the first group through the instrumentality of the elements oithe second group, and solely mechanical means actuated upon the operation of said second group of bars for eilecting the operation of the counting mechanism in accordance with their actuation. 

